Ventilator PCB Assembly

คำจำกัดความและฟังก์ชั่น

A ventilator is a medical device designed to assist individuals who are unable to breathe independently. It delivers oxygen to the lungs and removes carbon dioxide, crucial for patients with respiratory issues. The ventilator comprises a compressible air reservoir, an oxygen supply, a breathing tube, and multiple printed circuit board assemblies (PCBAs) that manage airflow and monitor the ventilator’s functions.

Importance in Modern Medicine

Ventilators are vital in modern medicine, playing a crucial role in preventing and treating respiratory failure, reducing complications, and saving lives. They are widely used in various respiratory conditions, anesthesia management during surgery, and emergency resuscitation.

Classification of Ventilators

By Type of Use or Application

(1) Controlled Mechanical Ventilation (CMV)

• คำนิยาม: Breathing is entirely controlled by the ventilator when spontaneous breathing is absent or weakened.
• Applicability: Diseases causing loss or weakening of spontaneous breathing.

(2) Assisted Mechanical Ventilation (AMV)

• คำนิยาม: Ventilator assists spontaneous breathing.
• Applicability: Weak spontaneous breathing requiring support.

By Route of Use

• (1) Intrathoracic or Airway Compression Type
• (2) Chest Appearance Type

By Switching Mode of Inhalation and Exhalation

• (1) Constant Pressure Type
• (2) Volume-Fixed Type
• (3) Timing Type
• (4) Mixed Type (Multifunctional Type)

By Ventilation Frequency

• (1) High-Frequency Ventilation: >60 times/min
• (2) Constant Frequency Ventilation: <60 times/min

By Synchronization Device

• (1) Synchronous Ventilator: Triggers with spontaneous breathing.
• (2) Asynchronous Ventilator: Used for controlled mechanical ventilation.

By Applicable Object

• (1) Baby Ventilator
• (2) Children Ventilator
• (3) Adult Ventilator

By Working Principle

• (1) Simple Ventilator
• (2) Membrane Lung Ventilator

Modes and Functions of Mechanical Ventilation

Primary Modes

(1) Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation (IPPV)

• หลักการทำงาน: Positive pressure during inhalation, zero pressure during exhalation.
• Clinical Application: Patients with respiratory failure.

(2) Intermittent Positive and Negative Pressure Ventilation (IPNPV)

• หลักการทำงาน: Positive pressure during inhalation, negative pressure during exhalation.
• Clinical Application: Causes alveolar collapse.

(3) Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)

• หลักการทำงาน: Positive airway pressure throughout the respiratory cycle.
• ข้อดี: Reduces inspiratory effort, prevents alveolar collapse.
• ข้อเสีย: Disturbs circulation, causes barotrauma.

(4) Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation and Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (IMV/SIMV)

• IMV: No synchronization, time-based ventilation.
• SIMV: Synchronized ventilation with spontaneous breathing.
• ข้อดี: Reduces ventilator dependence, better for weaning.
• แอปพลิเคชัน: Used during weaning.

(5) Mandatory Minute Ventilation (MMV)

• หลักการทำงาน: Adjusts ventilation to meet preset minute ventilation.

(6) Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV)

• คำนิยาม: Pressure support during spontaneous inhalation.
• หลักการทำงาน: Starts with inhalation, ends with exhalation.
• แอปพลิเคชัน: Used with SIMV for weaning.

(7) Volume Support Ventilation (VSV)

• หลักการทำงาน: Patient-triggered, supports to achieve desired tidal volume.

(8) Biphasic or Bilevel Positive Pressure Ventilation

• หลักการทำงาน: Different pressures for inhalation (P1) and exhalation (P2).
• Clinical Application: Versatile, can simulate IPPV, CPAP, and SIMV.

Secondary Functions

(1) End-Inspiratory Pause

• การทำงาน: Holds breath at end of inspiration.
• Clinical Application: Enhances gas distribution and drug delivery.

(2) Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP)

• การทำงาน: Maintains positive airway pressure at end of exhalation.
• Clinical Application: Treats hypoxemia due to intrapulmonary shunt.

Development and Applications

(1) Microcomputerization

• คุณสมบัติ: Self-test, alarm functions, special features like suction and atomization.

(2) Monitoring Function

• Key Aspects: Displays ventilation and lung mechanics parameters, trends, and logs.

(3) Ventilator Mode Developments

• Innovations: Autonomous pressure modes, closed-loop ventilation, BiPAP.

(4) Adjustment and Safety

• คุณสมบัติ: Single-knob adjustment, digital parameter setting, safety ranges.

(5) Purchasing Principles

• Considerations: Ventilator grade, hospital needs, user experience, and resource utilization.

บริการของเรา

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